Monday, 2 December 2024

Critical Analysis of DARAKHTON KAI ISTAARE (The Metaphors of Tree) By Arslan Ahmed

Darahton kai Istaare ( The Metaphors of Trees):


 Introduction of Poem: The Metaphor Of Trees درختوں کے استعارے
The Metaphor of Trees explores the idea of nature turned upside down. In the poem, trees are described as having their roots as hands and branches as legs, while humans are "straight", and disconnected from the earth. It highlights the exploitation of trees by humans and suggests that, as we turn our focus to space, trees will reclaim their role in the natural balance. The poem serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness between humans and nature, urging us to rethink our relationship with the environment.
Original Urdu verses:

 درختوں کے استعارے


درخت ہمیشہ الٹے کھڑے ہوتے ہیں
 جڑیں ان کے ہاتھ ہیں جن سے یہ رزق لیتے ہیں
 منہ بھی یہ اپنی زمین میں رکھتے ہیں
 شاخیں ان کی ٹانگیں اور پتے ان کے پاؤں ہیں
 جن سے یہ ہوا میں چلتے ہیں
 ہوا سے ہی تعمیر ذات کرتے ہیں
 گل کھلاتے اور تولیدی عمل کرتے ہیں

قدرت کے کارخانے میں درخت الٹے اور انسان سیدھے ہیں
 لیکن اسی قدرت نے کچھ سیدھے درخت اور الٹے انسان بھی بنائے ہیں
سیدھے درخت اور الٹے انسان خوفناک ہوتے ہیں
 سیدھے درختوں میں سے زیادہ تر حشرات کا شکار کرتے ہیں
 ان کی جڑیں ان کی شاخوں سے لٹکتی ہیں
 انہوں نے زمین کا ساتھ نہ چھوڑنے کی قسم کھائی ہوتی ہے

الٹے انسان زمین سے تیل اور یورینیم نکالتے ہیں
 زمین پر سانس لینے کی بجائے خلا میں جانا چاہتے ہیں
 انہوں نے دور افتادہ خلاؤں کے سفر کی قسم کھائی ہوتی ہے

 یہ جانتے ہوئے بھی کہ انسان اور درخت ایک دوسرے کا سانس پیدا کرتے ہیں 

انسانوں نے درختوں سے بد دیانتی شروع کر دی ہے
لیکن درخت کبھی پیچھے نہیں رہے
اور نہ درخت پیچھے رہنے والے ہیں

----جس دن انسان خلا سے کاروبار کرنے لگے گا۔
اس دن درخت بھی زمین کی فالٹ لائن تک پہنچ جائیں گے
درختوں اور انسانوں کی اس الٹ پلٹ میں
سب سے زیادہ نقصان پرندوں کا ہوگا
English Translation:


The Metaphor of Trees


The trees are always standing upside down. The roots are their hands from which they take the sustenance. They also keep their mouths in their land. The branches are their legs and leaves are their feet from which they move in the air. Fed and perform the reproductive process.

In the factory of nature, the trees are upside down and humans are straight.

Straight trees and human beings are scary. Most straight trees prey on insects, and their roots hang from their branches. They swear by not leaving the earth.

Inverted humans extract oil and uranium from the earth, instead of breathing on earth, they want to go into space. They swear by deep space travel.

Knowing that humans and trees produce each other's breath

Humans have started exploiting the trees.
But the trees were never far behind
And neither are the trees left behind
The day when man will start doing business from space...

On this day the trees will also reach the fault line of the earth
In this reversal of trees and humans
Birds will suffer the most

Arslan Ahmed

Critical Analysis of The Metaphor of Trees

In the poem, "Darahton Kai Istaare" The Metaphor of Trees by the poet offers a deeply symbolic exploration of the interconnected relationship between humans and trees. Using inversion as a central metaphor, the poet challenges conventional perspectives, portraying trees as beings upside-down and humans as inherently "straight." This reversal is not merely physical but serves as a philosophical commentary on ecological balance, industrial exploitation, and the eventual shared suffering of all life forms, particularly birds, in the face of environmental degradation.

The Power of the Inverted Metaphor

The metaphor of trees as inverted beings is striking and thought-provoking. By likening roots to hands and branches to legs, the poet anthropomorphizes trees, attributing them with qualities of sustenance, motion, and agency. This inversion subverts traditional human-centric perspectives, forcing readers to reconsider the role of trees in the ecosystem. The metaphor also highlights trees' rootedness—both literal and metaphorical—contrasted against the restless, exploitative tendencies of humans.

The inversion of humans further amplifies this contrast. Humans, depicted as extracting oil and uranium, embody a disconnection from nature. Their aspiration for space travel symbolizes a relentless pursuit of progress, often at the expense of the environment. The poem critiques this unsustainable trajectory, emphasizing the irony of humans seeking life in the stars while endangering the source of life on Earth.

The juxtaposition of Trees and Humans

The poem's juxtaposition of trees and humans serves as a powerful commentary on ecological and ethical responsibilities. While trees "swear by not leaving the earth," humans "swear by deep space travel," highlighting their divergent priorities. Trees, as natural producers and stabilizers, embody harmony with the earth. In contrast, humans are portrayed as exploiters, disconnecting from their roots—both ecologically and spiritually.

This contrast culminates in a grim foreshadowing of mutual destruction. The line “The day when man will start doing business from space...” suggests an apocalyptic scenario where human greed transcends terrestrial boundaries. The poet warns that such behavior will lead to catastrophic consequences, with even trees—symbolic of stability and resilience—being uprooted.

Birds as Silent Witnesses

The poem poignantly underscores the plight of birds as collateral victims in the reversal of trees and humans. Birds, reliant on both trees and ecological stability, symbolize the fragility of life in the natural world. Their suffering embodies the interconnectedness of all living beings and serves as a stark reminder of the cascading effects of ecological imbalance. Birds are also the symbol of biotic and abiotic factors (other than humans and trees) and relations between them.

Themes of Exploitation and Interdependence

Central to the poem is the theme of interdependence between trees and humans, as evidenced in the line “Knowing that humans and trees produce each other's breath.” This symbiotic relationship underscores the absurdity of human exploitation. By exploiting trees, humans undermine the very system that sustains them. The poet critiques this shortsightedness, urging a rethinking of human priorities.

Stylistic Elements

The poem employs a free verse structure, mirroring the organic, unbounded nature of its subject. Its language is simple yet laden with symbolic meaning, making the message accessible while encouraging deeper reflection. The use of inversion, both as a metaphor and as a structural device, reinforces the central theme of interconnectedness and imbalance.

Conclusion

The Metaphor of Trees is a compelling ecological critique that blends metaphor, inversion, and juxtaposition to highlight the precarious balance between humans and nature. By framing trees as inverted beings and humans as exploiters, the poem challenges anthropocentric views and advocates for ecological harmony. Its warning of mutual destruction serves as a poignant call to action, urging readers to reconsider their relationship with the natural world before it is too late.

View of the Author about the book:

This book perfectly contains the manifestations of protest against social wrongdoings or we can say that it is written by a man with a living body and living soul as "life always protests against cruelties". From romance to environment, history to future, this book is a universal voyage that captivates readers across all walks of life. With the poet’s vibrant spirit and living essence at its core, this collection transforms thoughts, emotions, and keen observations into timeless poetry. Combining profound knowledge, sharp reasoning, and creative mastery, the book stands as a testament to the human condition, the fight against social wrongs, and the enduring hope for a better world. The poet was successful in expressing his thoughts, emotions, fine observations, knowledge, reasoning, and creativity to write successful poetry.

~ Hadi Muhammad Iqbal, 3/12/2024

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Category: Literature
Sub-category: Poetry
Publisher:Kolaaj | ISBN:9789697987221 | Pages:239 Visit Readings Book Store

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